Globally, women’s roles in disaster risk reduction and resilience are increasingly recognized, shifting from passive victims to active agents of change. This study examines this transformation in the Mekong River Delta, focusing on Tra Vinh, Soc Trang, Ca Mau, Hau Giang, and Tien Giang provinces. The research employed secondary data collection and review, including disaster risk reduction action plans at the commune, district, and provincial levels. Additionally, eight in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions with both men and women were conducted. Data were analyzed using coding and thematic analysis. Findings highlight the growing recognition of women’s knowledge, skills, and leadership in disaster preparedness and response. Women actively organize emergency supplies, ensure essential provisions, and mobilize communities, leveraging their empathetic and communicative strengths to address psychological barriers, especially among vulnerable groups. This shift is acknowledged by both women and men, reflecting broader societal changes. However, women’s contributions remain largely informal and underrepresented in official policies. The study recommends mainstreaming gender-responsive strategies to institutionalize women’s roles and strengthen disaster resilience.