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This study ranks EU member states based on indicators designed to assess happiness, leveraging six key variables from the 2023 World Happiness Report: GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity, and perceptions of corruption. Using two multi-criteria decision-making methods, TOPSIS and VIKOR, the research highlights significant geographical disparities, with northern and western EU countries reporting higher happiness levels compared to southern and eastern regions. Notably, Finland, Romania, and Lithuania exhibited discrepancies between self-reported happiness and the results derived from the six variables. The findings emphasize that happiness is a dynamic metric, influenced by evolving life circumstances, technological advancements, and societal shifts toward emotional awareness and life prioritization. The VIKOR method demonstrated greater alignment with self-reported happiness rankings, validated by error analysis using RMSE and MAE. This research underscores the complexity of measuring happiness and provides valuable insights for policymakers and academics aiming to enhance well-being across diverse contexts.

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Ranking EU Happiness: TOPSIS and VIKOR Classification

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Adina Jigani,
  • Alexandra-Nicoleta Ciucu,
  • Kosyo Stoychev,
  • Vanesa Vargas,
  • Andra Sandu

摘要

This study ranks EU member states based on indicators designed to assess happiness, leveraging six key variables from the 2023 World Happiness Report: GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity, and perceptions of corruption. Using two multi-criteria decision-making methods, TOPSIS and VIKOR, the research highlights significant geographical disparities, with northern and western EU countries reporting higher happiness levels compared to southern and eastern regions. Notably, Finland, Romania, and Lithuania exhibited discrepancies between self-reported happiness and the results derived from the six variables. The findings emphasize that happiness is a dynamic metric, influenced by evolving life circumstances, technological advancements, and societal shifts toward emotional awareness and life prioritization. The VIKOR method demonstrated greater alignment with self-reported happiness rankings, validated by error analysis using RMSE and MAE. This research underscores the complexity of measuring happiness and provides valuable insights for policymakers and academics aiming to enhance well-being across diverse contexts.