Optimization of FDM 3D Printer Parametric Process for Printing Quality of PLA+ Material Using Taguchi and PCR-TOPSIS Method

Additive manufacturing (AM), also referred to as 3D printing, is gaining popularity globally due to its ability to produce intricate geometries directly from digital designs. The quality of parts produced through Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is significantly affected by the type of filament used and the meticulous selection of process parameters. In recent years, extensive research has been dedicated to experimentally optimizing these parameters to enhance print quality. This study seeks to improve the printing performance of the open-source Anet A8 FDM 3D printer utilizing PLA+ (Polylactic Acid Plus) filament. The research examines the impact of three critical process parameters: line width, initial layer height, and cooling fan speed on print quality metrics. Optimization was carried out using the Taguchi method in conjunction with the Principal Component Regression–Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (PCR-TOPSIS) approach. An L9 orthogonal array was used for the experimental design. The findings revealed that the optimal combination of parameters consists of a line width of 0.3 mm, an initial layer height of 0.1 mm, and a fan speed of 20%.