This chapter is contextualised within the existing debates on low participation of women in the labour market and challenges in accessing social protection due to their concentration in the informal sector in low paying and least protected self-employment, piece-rated work, casual work, domestic work and home based work. Though PLFS data have depicted an increase in FWPR since 2017, the increase has mostly been vulnerable employment without regular social protection. The chapter analyses PLFS data during 2017–18 to 2023–2024 for the 15–59 age group to understand women’s employment and social protection status. It uses feminist perspectives on gender, social protection and its integration in employment legislation to present an in-depth analysis of the existing social protection system and its incorporation in schemes and laws. It also tries to decipher the implications of the new labour codes on women workers and analyses policy perspectives for ensuring social protection for them.