Sustainable Development Goals: Social Welfare and Mineral Policy in Region of Mineral Economies

In recent decades, global awareness of environmental issues has increased, with a focus on achieving sustainability through the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study analyzes the impact of mining policies on social welfare and environmental quality in both mineral and non-mineral economic regions of Indonesia. Using panel data regression covering 15 mineral provinces and 19 non-mineral provinces from 2015 to 2022, the results reveal that both mining GDP and mining permits do not have a significant influence on the Environmental Quality Index. Proper sanitation facilities positively affect the Human Development Index, while increased poverty negatively impacts it. Additionally, non-mineral economic provinces show higher prosperity based on HDI and its growth rate compared to mineral economic provinces. This condition indicates that the utilization of the DBH (Dana Bagi Hasil - revenue sharing fund) from mining resources has not been maximized.