Sorghum bicolor is one of the world’s five major cereal crops and is an important source of food, raw material for brewing, and a promising bioenergy crop. Due to unavoidable abiotic stressors, maintaining an adequate food supply is currently challenging. Abiotic stress is the primary factor affecting the growth and yield of many crops globally. Abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, are the major factors that potentially affect plant growth, development, and productivity, resulting in deduced crop yield by imposing ion toxicity, hyperosmotic, and oxidative stresses. These stresses cause alterations in various plant characteristics, including physiological, morphological, biochemical, and molecular aspects. It has been difficult for farmers to produce high-quality food because of the effects of these stresses. To overcome these problems, farmers use expensive tools and chemical fertilizers to produce quality crops, which in turn negatively impact food security. Studies have revealed that biofertilizers play important roles in plants by improving their growth and development. Due to their advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and ease of use in agricultural environments, biofertilizers have become a popular alternative to these in the modern era. Many microorganisms referred to as biofertilizers might result in plant activities that, even in the presence of abiotic stress, promote soil development. Among the beneficial microbial consortia that support plant growth are rhizobacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, azotobacter phosphate solubilizers, and nematophagous and insect frass of other biofertilizers. Biofertilizers can be used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers because they are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and easy to apply in the agricultural field. These biofertilizers help plants directly or indirectly by fixing nitrogen (N), solubilizing phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), secreting siderophores, antibiotics, and enzymes, and releasing plant growth-promoting hormones to enhance productivity and adaptability to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. The performance of plant development can be maintained by biofertilizers even under challenging circumstances. Thus, the present review demonstrates the effectiveness of different types of biofertilizers on Sorghum bicolor under abiotic conditions.