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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play crucial roles in cancer biology. Altered expression of miRNAseither through overexpression of oncogenic miRNAs or loss of tumor-suppressive miRNAsdisrupts signaling pathways controlling cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. These deregulated profiles are tumor- and stage-specific, making miRNAs valuable candidates as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Therapeutically, strategies such as miRNA mimics to restore suppressed activity and antagomiRs to inhibit overactive miRNAs are being developed. Circulating miRNAs in body fluids further support noninvasive liquid biopsy approaches. Although challenges remain in delivery and specificity, advances in nanotechnology and molecular targeting are enhancing their clinical applicability. This chapter emphasizes the significance of altered miRNA expression in tumor progression and highlights their translational potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools in precision oncology.

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Significance of Altered miRNA Expression in Tumor and Therapeutic Scopes

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Alisha Lalhall,
  • Sagar Rana,
  • Jogendra Singh Pawar,
  • Smita Kumari

摘要

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play crucial roles in cancer biology. Altered expression of miRNAseither through overexpression of oncogenic miRNAs or loss of tumor-suppressive miRNAsdisrupts signaling pathways controlling cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. These deregulated profiles are tumor- and stage-specific, making miRNAs valuable candidates as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Therapeutically, strategies such as miRNA mimics to restore suppressed activity and antagomiRs to inhibit overactive miRNAs are being developed. Circulating miRNAs in body fluids further support noninvasive liquid biopsy approaches. Although challenges remain in delivery and specificity, advances in nanotechnology and molecular targeting are enhancing their clinical applicability. This chapter emphasizes the significance of altered miRNA expression in tumor progression and highlights their translational potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools in precision oncology.