India is recognized for its diversified indigenous populace, which speaks several languages and preserves rich cultural traditions. The languages spoken by Indian indigenous groups not only act as tools to communicate, but also preserve rich linguistic, medicinal, and ecological knowledge systems over centuries. However, some of its indigenous languages, including Santhali, are facing the threat of gradual extinction due to socioeconomic transformations, modernity, and linguistic assimilation. Against this backdrop, this chapter delves into the rich tradition of the knowledge system that is in place and passed on through oral performance narratives in the Santhal language in the form of folktales, ceremonial songs, dramatic storytelling, and other oral narratives. These oral narratives play a vital role in sustaining cultural identity, indigenous knowledge systems, and fostering artistic expressions. By documenting and preserving these narratives, the study contributes to the Indian Government’s broader vision of cultural preservation and self-reliance by 2047.