Characterising the Seabed by Monitoring Pore Pressure Dissipation After Insertion of Free-Fall Penetrometers: FE Analysis
摘要
Free fall spherical penetrometer tests allow for rapid characterisation of the near-surface seabed, and at much smaller spatial intervals than would be economically feasible using push-in penetrometers. Existing interpretation frameworks developed for fine-grained soils use the acceleration data to quantify the (undrained) strength profile. However, this approach does not provide a basis for distinguishing between soils with similar strengths but with different permeabilities (e.g., dense sands and over-consolidated clays). This may be addressed by adding pore pressure transducers to free-fall spheres, as this would allow the pore pressure to be monitored both during and after free fall penetration. Interpretation of the dissipation data requires dissipation solutions for different locations on the sphere (as the sphere can rotate during deployment), at a range of embedment depths, and allowing for the different penetration resistance acting on the ball during penetration than at rest in the seabed. (representing the range of practical embedment for this type of free fall penetrometer). Finite element simulations to provide solutions of pore pressure dissipation were developed for the sphere by conducting wished-in-place, small strain finite element analyses, and using the Modified Cam Clay soil model. Pore pressure dissipation responses are provided for different critical locations on the sphere (i.e., sphere invert, and at the mid face location, 45º up from the invert) to help select the best location for instrumentation. Four analysis cases were considered which allowed investigation of whether dissipation times could distinguish between excess pore pressure generated by shearing (as would occur during the penetration of the sphere) and by total stress changes (which has been the main focus of previously published solutions).