The use of tunnels for harnessing shallow geothermal energy in heating and cooling has gained increasing attention in recent years. Consequently, it is crucial to further investigate the influence of different ground conditions on the thermal performance of energy tunnels. In practice, tunnels may locate above groundwater level, within a partially saturated zone. Since ground thermal properties are moisture dependent, the heat transfer is affected by soil type, groundwater level, and soil air entry suction. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of groundwater level and soil air entry suction across different soil types. The results indicate that in sand, heat exchange rates are significantly influenced by groundwater presence. Additionally, the influence of groundwater flow is more significant when groundwater level is above tunnel invert. Within the studied range, groundwater level exhibits a moderate effect on heat exchange rates in silt, whereas in clay, this effect is negligible. The rate of change of heat exchange with varying air entry suction is significant in silty soils, marginal in clayey soils, and negligible in sandy soils.