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The Paris Agreement was adopted on December 12, 2015, following COP21, amid renewed consensus with regard to international efforts after 2020 (in detail, refferred to UNFCCC 2015). It has been ten years since Paris Agreement. Recently, there is a growing movement towards decarbonization all over the world. Otherwise, China has been the highest CO2 [carbon dioxide] emissions and accounted for 31.1% in CO2 emissions by country resulting from energy use (Ministry of Environment 2025). One of these reasons is large coal-related industries’ emissions. In Addition, progressing industrialization of emerging nations, as the result of economic globalization, it has been usual to cross over the national border in division of labor process of goods and services. As referred Fujikawa et al. (2016), we can get different points of view whether responsibilities on environmental prevention like global warming or whether embedded environmental load attributes to production nations of goods or consumption ones. This paper examines CO2 Emissions trend from International Carbon Flow in East Asia on discussion on consumption-base and production-base, analyzing WIOD (World Input-Output Database). Focusing on the East Asian countries analyzed in this paper (Japan, China, Korea), with regard to the interdependence of CO2 emissions on a consumption basis, China accounts for 35.77% of its own induced emissions 15.85% of China and 3.00% of Korea. On the other hand, Japan accounts for 42.46% of its CO2 emissions induced by its own country, while it accounts for 7.23% CO2 induced from China and 1.95% from Korea, respectively. In Korea, about 22.63% of its CO2 emissions are home-grown, while it accounts for 6.48% of Japan and 26.81% of China. The results of this paper’s analysis revealed that the consumption base/production base was less than 1 in China and Korea, and that this trend has not changed significantly. Finally, based on the post-processing input-output table, which merged the WIOT2014 table from 56 sectors to 16 sectors, also described in (STEP2) of 2.2.1, we show the induced CO2 emissions to each region in Japan, China, Korea for each of the 16 industrial sectors.

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An Empirical Analysis on CO2 Emissions from International Carbon Flow in East Asia

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Hirotaka Haga,
  • Weisheng Zhou

摘要

The Paris Agreement was adopted on December 12, 2015, following COP21, amid renewed consensus with regard to international efforts after 2020 (in detail, refferred to UNFCCC 2015). It has been ten years since Paris Agreement. Recently, there is a growing movement towards decarbonization all over the world. Otherwise, China has been the highest CO2 [carbon dioxide] emissions and accounted for 31.1% in CO2 emissions by country resulting from energy use (Ministry of Environment 2025). One of these reasons is large coal-related industries’ emissions. In Addition, progressing industrialization of emerging nations, as the result of economic globalization, it has been usual to cross over the national border in division of labor process of goods and services. As referred Fujikawa et al. (2016), we can get different points of view whether responsibilities on environmental prevention like global warming or whether embedded environmental load attributes to production nations of goods or consumption ones. This paper examines CO2 Emissions trend from International Carbon Flow in East Asia on discussion on consumption-base and production-base, analyzing WIOD (World Input-Output Database). Focusing on the East Asian countries analyzed in this paper (Japan, China, Korea), with regard to the interdependence of CO2 emissions on a consumption basis, China accounts for 35.77% of its own induced emissions 15.85% of China and 3.00% of Korea. On the other hand, Japan accounts for 42.46% of its CO2 emissions induced by its own country, while it accounts for 7.23% CO2 induced from China and 1.95% from Korea, respectively. In Korea, about 22.63% of its CO2 emissions are home-grown, while it accounts for 6.48% of Japan and 26.81% of China. The results of this paper’s analysis revealed that the consumption base/production base was less than 1 in China and Korea, and that this trend has not changed significantly. Finally, based on the post-processing input-output table, which merged the WIOT2014 table from 56 sectors to 16 sectors, also described in (STEP2) of 2.2.1, we show the induced CO2 emissions to each region in Japan, China, Korea for each of the 16 industrial sectors.