The “One Health” is a methodological and holistic approach based on the recognition of an interconnection between human, animal, and environmental health, and is a modern key paradigm in addressing the challenges of food law within the global context of climate change. The “One Health High-Level Expert Panel” (OHHLEP) has defined the approach as an integrated and unifying one «that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems». Born within the disciplines of medicine and biology, it calls for a synergy between different sectors, including food safety and security, economics, social sciences, and biology, with the ultimate goal of pursuing public health. The regulatory evolution of the approach originates in the field of international law and takes its steps from the rapid—and sometimes uncontrollable—decay of the ecosystems, never so strongly affected as in the so-called Anthropocene era. Analyzing and understanding the evolution and scope of the “One Health” approach is a fundamental step in attempting to find concrete strategies and solutions to the issues caused by climate change to food security, intended as both the salubrity of foodstuff in general and the continuous access to a “sustainable” and quality food.