The Indus Valley Civilization or the Harappan Civilization existed along the rivers Indus and the Hakra Basin, located in the north-western part of South Asia. The area covered more than 2.6 million sq.km and extended in the west from Sutkagedor, Sahitump, on the Makran coast, situated on the border of Iran and Pakistan, to the east at Alamgirpur, Hulas, Mandi, Shamlinagar, Sanouli, Manpur, Chandayan, Bulandikhera, and Tappal, on the Hindon river in western Uttar Pradesh, India, and Shortugai (Afghanistan) in the north to Daimabad in north-western Maharashtra. Pre-Early Harappan is dated 5000–3600 B.C. Early Harappan is dated 3500–3000 B.C.. This chapter focusses on the art objects discovered at the sites that fall under the broad category of what is known as the Indus Valley or Harappan civilization. This civilization spread over a large geographical area, distributed over several present-day political divisions. The Harappan civilization has been divided into three phases by the experts: The Formative Stages (7000–3500 B.C.), the Mature Harappan (3000–2000 B.C.), and the Late/Post Harappan (1900 to 1300 BC). The main data included in this chapter are about the new sites that have been discovered in north-west India, and the various art and other objects found there, and their cultural and social correlates, such as early trade, political and social organization, religion, and reconstruction of daily life of the people.