Diabetes and cancer have been known to be two frequent comorbid chronic ailments, possessing a complicated bidirectional relationship. Cancer survivors, usually referred to describe the patients who have completed primary cancer therapy and are recovering, are at higher risk of getting diabetes. Several reasons such as treatment side effects, lifestyle modification, and shared risk factors including obesity, aging, and inactivity are found to contribute to the risk. Various cancer treatment procedures like chemotherapy and hormonal therapies are found to induce β-cell dysfunction and metabolic derangements, leading to diabetes. Aside from this, there are several other factors such as weight gain and psychological distress seen in cancer survivors, which in turn enhance the risk. Contrary to this, survivors of cancer who have preexisting diabetic condition have poorer outcomes from cancer in terms of recurrence and mortality. This interaction between cancer and diabetes in two directions points toward the necessity of models that have the ability to treat both diseases in a concerted manner. The improvement of long-term health for cancer survivors calls for early detection, lifestyle intervention, and individually tailored management strategies to prevent diabetes.