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Epidemiological studies have reported an increase in childhood thyroid cancer due to milk and foods contaminated with Iodine-131 (131I) from the Chernobyl (Chornobyl) Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident. Despite successful food control measures implemented immediately after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident, it has become clear that the incidence of thyroid cancer among young people in Fukushima Prefecture is much higher than previously thought. Because 131I has a short half-life and the number of thyroid monitoring devices was insufficient at the time of the accident, only a very limited number of Fukushima residents had their thyroid 131I measured immediately after the accident. Therefore, we attempted to reconstruct 131I concentration in macaque thyroid glands from the 129I concentration measured by triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). By plotting the decrease of 129I concentration over time, we were able to estimate the 131I concentration in the thyroid gland of affected wild Japanese macaques at the time of the FNPP accident. The thyroid doses of macaques born before the FNPP accident due to 131I were estimated to be between 34 and 1,145 (median: 173) mGy. In comparison, the doses from 129I were three orders of magnitude lower than from 131I and were negligible. Four out of 449 macaques were found to have microscopic thyroid lesions. None of the cases were diagnosed as malignant. One macaque had not yet been born at the time of the accident and therefore clearly had no exposure to 131I, while the other three macaques were already adults at that time. Furthermore, no relationship was found with the level of exposure to radioactive cesium (134Cs + 137Cs). More than 10 years after the FNPP accident, we were able to reconstruct the thyroid dose from 131I derived, using 129I concentration in the thyroid as a surrogate indicator, and no obvious radiation-related thyroid lesions were observed in the affected macaques examined.

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Estimation of Iodine-131 Thyroid Dose Using Iodine-129 Concentration and Thyroid Lesions in Macaques Affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Somei Ohtsuki,
  • Satoru Endo,
  • Masatoshi Suzuki,
  • Kina Satoh,
  • Hiroyuki Mishima,
  • Toshihiko Suzuki,
  • Kosei Yamada,
  • Takumi Urayama,
  • Tsuyoshi Kajimoto,
  • Yasushi Kino,
  • Miwa Uzuki,
  • Hideaki Yamashiro,
  • Takeshi Ohno,
  • Manabu Fukumoto

摘要

Epidemiological studies have reported an increase in childhood thyroid cancer due to milk and foods contaminated with Iodine-131 (131I) from the Chernobyl (Chornobyl) Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident. Despite successful food control measures implemented immediately after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident, it has become clear that the incidence of thyroid cancer among young people in Fukushima Prefecture is much higher than previously thought. Because 131I has a short half-life and the number of thyroid monitoring devices was insufficient at the time of the accident, only a very limited number of Fukushima residents had their thyroid 131I measured immediately after the accident. Therefore, we attempted to reconstruct 131I concentration in macaque thyroid glands from the 129I concentration measured by triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). By plotting the decrease of 129I concentration over time, we were able to estimate the 131I concentration in the thyroid gland of affected wild Japanese macaques at the time of the FNPP accident. The thyroid doses of macaques born before the FNPP accident due to 131I were estimated to be between 34 and 1,145 (median: 173) mGy. In comparison, the doses from 129I were three orders of magnitude lower than from 131I and were negligible. Four out of 449 macaques were found to have microscopic thyroid lesions. None of the cases were diagnosed as malignant. One macaque had not yet been born at the time of the accident and therefore clearly had no exposure to 131I, while the other three macaques were already adults at that time. Furthermore, no relationship was found with the level of exposure to radioactive cesium (134Cs + 137Cs). More than 10 years after the FNPP accident, we were able to reconstruct the thyroid dose from 131I derived, using 129I concentration in the thyroid as a surrogate indicator, and no obvious radiation-related thyroid lesions were observed in the affected macaques examined.