Early cancer detection is critical for improving treatment outcomes and patient survival rates. Advances in medical imaging technologies, liquid biopsy, biosensors, microfluidic devices, CRISPR-based diagnostics, and artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized early cancer detection by offering more accurate, sensitive, and non-invasive methods. The function of imaging technologies, including positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound in identifying cancer in its early stages, is highlighted in this chapter. Furthermore, as a viable substitute for conventional tissue biopsies, the possibility of a liquid biopsy, which incorporates circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as biomarkers, is explored. The sensitivity and applicability of cancer detection have increased with the development of biosensors and microfluidic technologies. CRISPR-based diagnostic tools have emerged as a potential approach in detecting mutations related to cancer. The advancement of AI has enabled significant improvement in screening for cancer with the aid of machine learning and deep learning. By combining these advanced technologies, early cancer detection is becoming more accessible and reliable, leading to the improvement in earlier screening, treatment success, and improved survival rates.