This chapter examines the UAE's national security policymaking in the context of the evolving non-traditional security (NTS) agenda. It goes beyond the traditional conceptualisation of national security, which is often seen solely as the state’s reaction to external geopolitical threats. Consequently, it aims to contribute to a new sub-genre of literature that examines both non-traditional and trans-national challenges as security priorities, as well as how the state formulates national security policies. The chapter’s analysis will be presented in three sections. The first section briefly introduces the concept of the NTS security agenda and its origins. The second examines the UAE’s national security agenda. The third section explores NTS challenges in the food, health, environmental, and societal security sectors within the UAE context. These points are presented to advance two core arguments. First, the UAE has increasingly incorporated non-traditional security challenges into its national security policymaking. Second, there is an inexorable link between the challenges of the four domains of non-traditional security, food security, environmental security, health security and societal security, and the UAE’s national development priorities. Therefore, for the UAE to achieve its national development objectives, it must consider the impact of emerging non-traditional security challenges.