How translators activate and process cognitive resources to align the knowledge system of target readers with that of source text readers is one of the core concerns of Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies (Hurtado Albir and Alves 2009). If the translation process can be broadly divided into three stages, namely source text comprehension, cognitive processing, and target text production, then how do translators use linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge to understand the meaning of the source text? In what form does the background knowledge required for understanding exist, and what structural characteristics does it possess? What are the basic features and specific forms of translators’ cognitive processing? How do translators bridge the knowledge gap between target text readers and source text readers? These questions lie at the heart of inquiry in Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies (Wen and Xiao 2019).