This chapter examines the reasons the administration’s ambitious agenda to reset the American political economy failed; assesses the claims of the administration that it nevertheless broke with trickle-down orthodoxy; discusses why certain elements were passed, specifically supply side measures to improve America’s competitiveness vis-à-vis China in the technologies of the future; and explores the way the middle class was split by the administration’s policies. The chapter moves to examine how new political economy came to be supply side security. Middle class renewal in the administration’s national security strategy had been defined in part in terms of investing in innovation, industrial strength and resilience so America could succeed abroad and shape the international order in line with its interests and values. When the administration broke down the dividing line between foreign and domestic policy, it was to position domestic policy as the engine of American geopolitical leadership. With competition for primacy the organising principle for American foreign policy, an official was able to describe the administration’s successes as keeping the ‘core engines of American power humming.’