The purpose of this book is to examine the intellectual foundations and policy achievements of the Biden administration’s foreign policy for the middle class, a collection of mostly domestic economic reforms intended to create a post-neoliberal political economy, accompanied by a moderated approach to globalisation, and limited military retrenchment. The policy was motivated by and sat within a geopolitical framework of great power competition and comported with long-standing interpretations of American security—the centrality of middle-class prosperity to the protection of America’s values and institutions, and the assumption of a competitive zero-sum environment that feeds the certainty as to the need for American leadership. Conceptually, the policy wove together the domestic and the international, drawing upon connections policymakers had been making since the early Cold War period—weakness at home was making the United States weak abroad; and when the United States was weak abroad, it could not shape the global environment to protect American values and institutions at home. The chapter discusses the progression of the book, and explains how a policy that sought to reconfigure the American political economy to restore prosperity to working Americans became a supply side security strategy.