The ocean is an important part of the global life support system and a valuable wealth for the sustainable development of human society. With the emergence of contradictions between population, resources, and environment caused by human exploitation of land resources, countries have turned their attention to the ocean, accelerating research, development, and utilization of the ocean. Underwater target motion analysis is of great importance in both civilian and military fields. In the civilian field, underwater target motion analysis can be used for underwater fishing, iceberg detection, oceanographic research, search for sunken ships and aircraft wreckage, etc. In the military field, it can be used for shipborne air-sea attack systems, coastal surveillance systems, anti-mine systems, and anti-torpedo systems. In the modern combat environment, how to accurately discover and precisely locate enemy targets is particularly important in the ever-changing combat environment, so the research on the theory of underwater target motion analysis has very important application value and practical significance.