Differences in Internal Resistance between Liquid and Gel Polymer Electrolytes: Data Characterization and Utilization Management of Lithium-ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles

With the increasing development of new energy vehicles and energy storage equipment, new battery technology is getting more and more attention. Solid-state batteries are one of the very promising development directions. Semi-solid-state batteries are an important stage in the present transition from liquid electrolyte batteries to all-solid-state batteries. Gel polymer electrolyte batteries are relatively early in semi-solid batteries to be loaded into electric vehicles. In order to investigate the difference between the internal resistance performance of liquid electrolyte batteries and gel polymer electrolyte batteries from a real vehicle perspective, a number of vehicles equipped with each of the two types of batteries are selected for comparison in this study. The ohmic internal resistance of the batteries is obtained based on the equivalent circuit model and the extended Kalman filtering method. The results demonstrate that the ohmic internal resistance of the gel polymer electrolyte battery is higher at low temperatures and lower at high temperatures. The difference in the performance of the two batteries in vehicles can provide instructive suggestions for the technological development of solid-state batteries and big data operation management of electric vehicles.