Research on Low-Carbon Dispatch Strategy of Power System Considering Electricity-Carbon Integrated Demand Response

While high-proportion integration of renewable energy into power systems directly reduces carbon emissions from the generation side, the introduction of demand response mechanisms can indirectly promote energy conservation and emission reduction on the load side. To address the insufficient incentives caused by existing demand response mechanisms relying solely on electricity price signals, this study proposes a day-ahead optimal dispatch strategy for power system incorporating integrated electricity-carbon demand response, using time-of-use electricity prices and dynamic carbon costs as dual guidance signals. First, a dynamic carbon emission factor model is constructed based on the carbon emission flow theory, enabling dynamic quantification of power system carbon emissions. Subsequently, a carbon tax system is introduced to quantify the economic costs of carbon emissions, which is integrated with the dynamic carbon emission factor model to establish a dynamic carbon cost guidance mechanism. Second, the time-of-use electricity pricing is combined with the dynamic carbon cost mechanism to achieve electricity-carbon coupling regulation, thereby establishing an electricity-carbon integrated demand response mechanism that incentivizes power users to adjust consumption behaviors considering both economic and environmental benefits. Then, from the perspective of shared carbon emission responsibilities between generation and load sides, a source-load coordinated day-ahead optimal scheduling model considering low-carbon performance and economic efficiency is developed. Finally, simulation verification through the IEEE 39-node system demonstrates that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce renewable energy curtailment rates and effectively promote low-carbon economic operation of power systems.