Analysis of the Impact of Capacitor Switching Dispersion and Research on Phase-Controlled Switches

Due to the requirements of power quality, shunt compensation capacitors need to be frequently switched on and off. However, with mechanical wear and insulation degradation, the dispersion of capacitor switches will change, resulting in variations in overvoltage and inrush current during the switching process. Analyzing this and adjusting the phase control strategy in a timely manner based on this is essential to enable the capacitor bank to maintain optimal phase switching, which is crucial for reducing the impact of inrush current and overvoltage. To this end, the paper first conducts a quantitative analysis of the impact of capacitor switching switch dispersion on switching overvoltage and closing inrush current. Then, considering mechanical wear and insulation degradation, a phase control strategy adjustment measure based on dispersion prediction using a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network is proposed. The simulation model verifies the effectiveness of this method.