Framework and Requirements for Digital Twin-Based Smart Manufacturing

The concept of the digital twin is rapidly evolving and gaining significant attention across various industries. As a cutting-edge approach to digitalization, the digital twin not only provides a profound understanding and improved management of manufacturing systems but also serves as the cornerstone of cyber-physical systems (CPS). By leveraging continuous connectivity and sophisticated virtual models, digital twins have revolutionized numerous manufacturing tasks, including what-if scenario analysis, operational monitoring and optimization, and predictive maintenance. However, the diverse interpretations and applications of the digital twin have led to confusion and hindered the realization of its full potential. This study proposes a framework for digital twin-based smart manufacturing with an overarching perspective on Industry 5.0 and emphasizes key requirements such as reusability, extensibility, and other critical factors. Additionally, the paper explores enabling technologies and methodologies that support these requirements. The study concludes by identifying future research opportunities to advance the implementation of digital twins in manufacturing contexts.