Enhancing or Transforming Learning? What, How and Why: Snapshot into K-12 Teachers’ Use of Technology
摘要
This study examines the Estonian K-12 teachers’ digital integration practices, focusing on what technology, how and why is implemented. Through 169 in-class observations across various subjects and grade levels, we identified 269 distinct learning activities leveraging digital tools. Findings reveal a predominant use of process-supporting tools and content-focused resources, with digital integration primarily enhancing traditional teaching methods through substitution and augmentation within the SAMR model. Results highlight significant operational efficiencies as the primary driver of digital technology use, in addition to support for deeper learning and motivational benefits. We also underscore the space for more transformative practices to harness further the potential of digital tools in education. Insights from Estonia's approach to digital education can inform global strategies and continuous teacher training to align technology's better use with pedagogical goals to enhance learning outcomes.