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On the eve of the Communist victory, many inhabitants of the remote China–Burma borderlands were gripped by uncertainty and fear. Decades of warfare and upheaval had battered these highland communities. When news arrived in early 1949 that the PLA was advancing into Yunnan’s border prefectures, villagers reacted like startled birds. Accustomed to the depredations of KMT troops and local warlords, they feared the Communists might behave no differently. “We couldn’t tell if these incoming soldiers were good people or bad people,” one elderly Lahu villager from Da Village recalled. “When we heard the army was coming, everyone passed the word along and we all ran away, afraid we’d be killed.” In Lancang County, people fled into the deep mountains or over the border into Burma at the first rumor of approaching PLA units.

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Exodus, Return, and State-Making at the Border

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Lihong Lei

摘要

On the eve of the Communist victory, many inhabitants of the remote China–Burma borderlands were gripped by uncertainty and fear. Decades of warfare and upheaval had battered these highland communities. When news arrived in early 1949 that the PLA was advancing into Yunnan’s border prefectures, villagers reacted like startled birds. Accustomed to the depredations of KMT troops and local warlords, they feared the Communists might behave no differently. “We couldn’t tell if these incoming soldiers were good people or bad people,” one elderly Lahu villager from Da Village recalled. “When we heard the army was coming, everyone passed the word along and we all ran away, afraid we’d be killed.” In Lancang County, people fled into the deep mountains or over the border into Burma at the first rumor of approaching PLA units.