Cancer constitutes a significant health burden in India, accounting for a substantial number of non-communicable disease-related deaths. Financial toxicity resulting from the high cost of cancer care presents a major obstacle to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In this chapter, we explored the multifaceted aspects of financial toxicity and its implications for cancer patients. We highlighted the importance of addressing social determinants of health (SDoH) to mitigate financial toxicity. Furthermore, we discuss the Indian framework for cancer care, focusing on the National Cancer Grid (NCG) and Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY). We emphasize the role of stakeholder engagement, scoping, and contextualizing existing guidelines to develop resource-stratified recommendations. Leveraging technology and embracing cost-conscious care can optimize oncology practice and improve patient outcomes. Through a collaborative and evidence-based approach, India can make significant progress towards achieving UHC and enhancing cancer care for its population.