Gynaecological cancers contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality among women globally. Though the relative burden of HPV-associated gynaecological cancers (cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers) is decreasing in developed countries, they continue to be a significant public health problem in low- and low-middle-income countries. Simultaneous increase in the incidence of endometrial and ovarian cancers in the past few decades furthers the strain on the health infrastructure of developing economies. While multidisciplinary decision-making is paramount in the management of gynaecological cancers, radiation plays a crucial role in definitive, adjuvant, neo-adjuvant, as well as palliative settings in these patients. The following sections discuss the principles of management of gynaecological cancers with a special focus on evidence-based practice of Radiation Oncology.