This chapter reviews the previous literature on the concept of Ren with a specific emphasis on Chinese literature related to the research topic. The extant literature is meticulously depicted in the chapter as it charts the development of the study. Chapter 2 has six sections. The first section provides an overview of the Chinese cultural values and the research gaps, justification, and research question. In the second section, the concept of Ren is explored by discussing its denotation and linguistic meanings. The third section characterises Chinese and Western cultures as they relate to the concept of Ren. In the fourth section, the interpretations of Ren from the different perspectives of influential schools of thought in ancient China are depicted. The fifth section reviews the theories that explain Ren in Western culture. The last section summarises the chapter.