Taking Chongqing as the research object, this chapter systematically analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics, service accessibility, and proximity to public service facilities of elderly care institutions. The study finds that elderly care institutions in Chongqing show a significant overall clustering pattern, with a distribution direction from southwest to northeast. The institutions are highly concentrated in the central urban area, followed by the new urban area, while the northeastern and southeastern regions of Chongqing are mainly characterized by dispersed distribution. Accessibility measurements indicate clear disparities at the sub-district (township) level, forming an overall gradient pattern of “high in the central urban area and low in the periphery,” yet some areas still face elderly care service “blind spots.” At the district and county level, there is also a marked imbalance. Equity analysis shows that the citywide Gini coefficient is 0.32, which falls within a relatively reasonable range, but differences still exist in elderly access to institutional beds across different regions. The proximity analysis of public service facilities reveals that elderly care institutions in the central urban area have significantly better proximity to medical, recreational, and public transportation facilities than those in the peripheral regions, while the northeastern and southeastern regions face issues of inadequate supporting facilities. In summary, the spatial distribution of elderly care institutions in Chongqing is characterized by “central clustering–peripheral dispersion, insufficient accessibility and equity, and prominent differences in supporting facilities.” This not only affects the balanced utilization of elderly care resources but also poses challenges to improving the overall level of the regional elderly care service system.