Nanoengineering is a field of engineering that utilizes nanomaterials to design, build, and utilize nanoscale engines, machines, and structures, advancing various multiscale methods. Naturally available bioinspired structural materials are composed of hard and soft phases in complex hierarchical architectures, ranging from nanoscale to macroscale, built at ambient temperature. Various biological systems have sophisticated architectures for impact resistance and energy absorption. The findings could lead to data-driven methodologies in the low-cost manufacturing technologies for efficient bioinspired structures and in the development of engineering structural design. Top-down and bottom-up methods are used to fabricate functional nanostructures, with top-down involving photolithography and bottom-up requiring less tooling. Chemical synthesis tools have produced nanoscale structures for medical applications, while researchers explore alternative patterning technologies for next-generation applications. Researchers explore electron beam lithography and nanoimprint technology for next-generation integrated gadgets, while DNA nanotechnology improves surface properties in biosensing, materials science, and cell biology. 3D printing advances in macroscale manufacturing, enabling shape-independent products and structures. It also offers speed, less waste, and economic viability in nanotechnology, with techniques like nanotribological printing. The application of nanoscience and nanotechnology in engineering establishes a direct connection between industrial and everyday life and academic research in these fields. Consequently, a plethora of nanomaterials, nanodevices, and nanosystems for diverse technical applications have been created and employed for the welfare of humankind. New bioinspired nanoplatforms hold potential in nanomedicine, including cancer therapy, antimicrobial, immunotherapy, biosensing, and diagnosis, with various applications currently underway.