The Masquelet technique, or induced membrane technique, is a two-stage surgical approach for managing large segmental bone defects, particularly in the presence of infection or compromised soft tissue. Initially developed by Alain Masquelet, the method involves placing a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement spacer in the bone defect to induce a vascularized membrane, followed by delayed bone grafting within this biologically active chamber. This membrane promotes bone regeneration and prevents graft resorption. The technique is most commonly applied to post-traumatic lower limb defects, especially in the tibia, and is suitable for both adult and pediatric patients. Indications include post-infective defects, tumour resections, and complex nonunions. While there are no absolute contraindications, adequate soft tissue coverage and patient willingness to undergo a two-stage procedure are critical. The Masquelet technique continues to evolve as a reliable option in limb salvage and complex reconstructive orthopedic.