A large roller coaster is a typical large-scale amusement rides coaster category, and its running speed is an important indicator in detection and monitoring as it is main performance parameter. This chapter aims to solve the engineering and technical problem of running speed of large roller coasters that can only be tested in sections and cannot be continuously tested throughout the entire process. According to the complex spatial changes in the trajectory of the roller coaster and the diverse structure of the wheel system, a running speed testing method for large roller coasters has been researched, which uses color recognition sensors and coding disks to collect the rotating speed signals of the walking wheels, and photoelectric sensors and reflectors to perform interval speed correction. On this basis, a large-scale roller coaster running speed testing instrument was developed with a PC as the upper computer and a PLC as the core controller, and a speed testing instrument calibration device was specifically developed. The test error of the speed testing instrument was less than 3% through calibration. Apply the speed testing instrument to conduct running speed test on a vertical roller coaster, and use the developed large-scale roller coaster running speed testing data processing and analysis software to process and analyze the collected data. The test results show that the maximum running speed test value is consistent with the design calibration value, the test error for running speed of passing through the vertical ring is 0.78%, and the test error for track length is 0.35%. The test results have verified the effectiveness, accuracy, and reliability of the running speed testing method and testing instruments for large roller coasters. This study achieved full range, continuous, and precise testing of the running speed for large roller coasters.