Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by immunologic abnormalities. Diagnosis is based on the 2019 classification criteria proposed by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), which align with Japan's criteria for designated intractable diseases. Therapeutic apheresis is used to treat patients with SLE that is resistant to multi-drug therapy or who have severe organ dysfunction.