This chapter offers an overview of the significance, achievements, challenges and prospects of China’s energy cooperation under BRI. It finds that the green and low-carbon transition has become mainstream in China’s BRI energy cooperation. However, China’s efforts of promoting BRI energy cooperation has been challenged by the increasing geopolitical risks and the environmental concerns from the BRI states, and the inadequate multilateral mechanisms for energy cooperation. In the future, China should expand energy infrastructure connectivity across the regions, improve the multilateral energy cooperation mechanism, build a whole industry chain collaborative development model on energy cooperation and enhanced the capacity to deal with the rising geopolitical risks.