In today’s world, sex education has undergone significant challenges in the curriculum in Western countries, primarily influenced by liberal perspectives. In contrast, Islamic schools face several challenges, particularly in their endeavor to uphold dominant interpretations of traditional Islamic principles within their curriculum amid the pervasive influence of Western perspectives on teaching explicit sex in education and about gender Identities. However, the absence of these matters of education in Islamic schools has posed potential problems related to sexual health, sexual relations among students, and some inequalities, especially in contemporary times. In response to these challenges, Shia, representing a significant minority within the Muslim community, holds two perspectives. Traditional Shia scholars adhere strictly to the principles of Islamic law and jurisprudence, as traditionally interpreted. In contrast, the other groups of Shia scholars (Roshan-Fekr), influenced by Western values, strive to bridge the gap by incorporating certain aspects of modernity. This chapter aims to compare traditional and modern Shia scholars with a philosophical infrastructure related to sex education and sexual ethics in Islam. It will then explore the impact of these perspectives on Islamic schools.