Changing and Not Changing
摘要
The theme of this chapter is “eidetic intuition”—which is considered universal and objectively valid—despite the differences in time (epoch) revealed by the intentional analysis of time consciousness discussed in the previous chapter, and despite the differences in region (space) that vary from country to country. Husserl calls the phenomenological method that seeks to grasp this essence of things the method of “eidetic intuition.” This method comprises three stages: the first stage, in which various examples of the thing in question are collected and freely modified; the second stage, in which the pre-constituted emerges through unconscious, passive associations; and the third stage, in which this pre-constituted is brought to conscious intuition. It is important to note that the method of eidetic intuition must be clearly distinguished from the “method of abstraction,” in which concrete facts or data are collected, their common characteristics abstracted, and universal rules sought. Since eidetic intuition also proceeds from the relativity of the contents of sensation experienced by each individual—a relativity that the abstract method cannot fundamentally take into account—it is only by clarifying intersubjectivity, the topic of Chap. 9 , which questions the possibility of achieving the consciousness of others, that it is possible to approach the desired universal objectivity.