This chapter provides a detailed analysis of migrant characteristics shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic through a sociodemographic lens, drawing on data from a 2021 collaborative study by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). Using a geographic typology—comprising areas of origin, transit locations, destinations, and disaster-affected zones—the chapter examines migrants' demographic profiles, educational backgrounds, livelihood strategies, and changes in migration trajectories and access to essential services. The findings highlight how the pandemic intensified migrant vulnerabilities, including instances of being stranded, job losses, and limited access to social support while also revealing a range of adaptive responses. The chapter contributes to developing inclusive migration governance, social protection, and health interventions by situating Indonesia’s unique socioeconomic and geographical context. It is also significant for other Global South countries to confront the interconnected challenges of migration, health crises, and socioeconomic inequality, contributing to more resilient and equitable models of human mobility in an increasingly uncertain world.