Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding technology which has an important effect on an array of therapeutic applications. It is capable of alleviating numerous difficulties associated with animal health and production. To investigate the most recent discoveries in nanotechnology, we analyzed the available literature, focusing on co-assembled nanoparticles for immunomodulation and anti-cancer capabilities, and their applications in animal husbandry. The findings reveal that nanoparticles have considerable immunomodulating agents and anti-cancer properties, indicating a wide range of potential applications in animal breeding. Furthermore, pooled evidence suggests that the mechanism is to have a favorable impact on inflammation and cancer via targeted medication loading, either indirectly or directly targeting disease locations. Because the precise regulation mechanism is unknown, most research has focused on influencing specific locations or even genes in the nucleus using functional co-assembled nanoparticles. As a result, despite the fascinating potential for nanotechnology in farmed animals, the majority of the findings have yet to be translated into field applications. Overall, nanoparticles outperformed other materials in terms of anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Nanotechnology has intriguing uses in animal husbandry and veterinary care, and its use and development in animal husbandry continue to be a fascinating area of research.