Nanotechnology has been shown to have an important role in enhancing veterinary care, including animal productivity, fertility, health, and development. Nanobiomaterials are an amazing class of materials that have at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm. The production of nanobiomaterials from a variety of biological components, including bacteria, peptides, nucleic acids, plants, etc., is a promising technique. They have attracted a lot of interest in the biomedical field because of their superior biocompatibility and biological production method. Additionally, because of their reduced size, nanobiomaterials have unique properties that make them a promising option for various fields, including biosensors, materials science, pharmacology, and tissue engineering. Nanobiomaterials can exhibit superior mechanical, optical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic capabilities that distinguish them from their bulk counterparts. It is possible to precisely control the size, shape, synthesis conditions, and functionalization of nanobiomaterials to alter their properties as needed. In this chapter we have discussed in detail the different approaches of synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles. Furthermore, we have also discussed application of nanobiomaterials in animals husbandry as food and nutrition, reproduction, gene manipulation, anti-inflammation, biocides, diagnostic and drug delivery of therapeutic drugs. We have also discussed the anti-tumor potential of nanobiomaterials in animal husbandry. Because of their special characteristics, nanoparticles can concentrate more in tumor tissues than the healthy tissues, increasing the treatment's efficacy. Nanobiomaterials can reduce the negative effects of conventional chemotherapy by specifically targeting certain cells. Advances in nanotechnology based-drug delivery system have played significant role in the management of animals productivity, fertility, health and production.