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The impact factor is a crucial parameter describing the dynamic effects when external loads are applied to bridges. This paper investigates the impact factor of hollow slab bridges during heavy haulage, using the probability distribution of the impact factor caused by bridge surface roughness reconstructed via the International Roughness Index (IRI). Bridge surface roughness samples were reconstructed with IRI5 values of 4.3888, 8.7776, 17.5552, and 35.1104. A vehicle-bridge coupled vibration model was developed for a 559-ton heavy transport vehicle crossing hollow slab bridges ranging from 6 m to 20 m in length. The calculated impact factors were analyzed to derive a fitting formula for the impact factor of hollow slab bridges during heavy haulage. The results show that as the IRI10 or the amplitude of the bridge surface roughness increases, the amplitude of the impact factors for deflection, bending moment, and shear force also increases. The impact factors for deflection, bending moment, and shear force under the four IRI levels follow a normal distribution. Additionally, as the bridge span increases, the impact factors for deflection and bending moment gradually decrease, even becoming negative, while the slope of the shear force impact factor increases.

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Practical Formula for Calculating Impact Factors Based on the International Roughness Index

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Laiyong Wang,
  • Bo Liu,
  • Mingchun Yang,
  • Zian Zhang,
  • Changsong Zhao,
  • Zhaohan Nie,
  • Xiaoye Liu,
  • Zihao Li,
  • Zengli Liu,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Gangnian Xu

摘要

The impact factor is a crucial parameter describing the dynamic effects when external loads are applied to bridges. This paper investigates the impact factor of hollow slab bridges during heavy haulage, using the probability distribution of the impact factor caused by bridge surface roughness reconstructed via the International Roughness Index (IRI). Bridge surface roughness samples were reconstructed with IRI5 values of 4.3888, 8.7776, 17.5552, and 35.1104. A vehicle-bridge coupled vibration model was developed for a 559-ton heavy transport vehicle crossing hollow slab bridges ranging from 6 m to 20 m in length. The calculated impact factors were analyzed to derive a fitting formula for the impact factor of hollow slab bridges during heavy haulage. The results show that as the IRI10 or the amplitude of the bridge surface roughness increases, the amplitude of the impact factors for deflection, bending moment, and shear force also increases. The impact factors for deflection, bending moment, and shear force under the four IRI levels follow a normal distribution. Additionally, as the bridge span increases, the impact factors for deflection and bending moment gradually decrease, even becoming negative, while the slope of the shear force impact factor increases.