Numerous neurological illnesses lack adequate therapy, making them a major healthcare burden. Repurposing older drugs and re-evaluating them for novel therapeutic uses emerge as immediate alternative strategy for meeting the unresolved research gaps in the area of neuroscience since conventional drug research and development may not suffice to meet the demand for being expensive and tedious. Using the well-established safety profiles and pharmacological characterization of licensed drugs, the repurposing strategy can expedite the advancement of potentially beneficial compounds into clinical trials. An overview of current developments in medication repurposing for a range of neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), etc. has been covered in this chapter. The strategies employed to find the most suitable and potent repurposable drug candidates and their most probable mechanisms of action to alleviate the respective neurological diseases have also been reviewed and documented in the following text. We further emphasized noteworthy clinical studies to show how drug repurposing of currently available drugs shows hope in the treatment strategies for neurological illnesses intending to lessen the burden of unsurpassable medical threats while simultaneously giving the required therapy for better disease alleviation.