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Learning computer programming presents significant challenges for novice learners, particularly in grasping abstract concepts and syntax simultaneously. This study explores the use of scaffolding through a WebQuest framework integrated with Large Language Models (LLMs) to support programming education. LLMs are used as a conversational resource, which allows live interaction with learners, contrary to the traditional static Web resources. A case study was conducted in an undergraduate computer programming course, where students engaged in a structured WebQuest activity supported by ChatGPT. The activity guided learners through inquiry-based tasks, coding exercises, and a mini-project challenge. Survey results indicated that the WebQuest format improved comprehension, confidence, and engagement, while ChatGPT provided personalized, real-time support that enhanced the learning experience. Students reported that the conversational nature of LLMs made programming concepts more accessible and learning more interactive. These findings suggest that combining scaffolded inquiry with AI-driven dialogue can significantly enhance programming education for beginners.

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Scaffolding Computer Programming Learning for Novice Learners Using LLM as a Conversational Resource

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Tak-Lam Wong,
  • Simon K. S. Cheung,
  • Frank Zhang

摘要

Learning computer programming presents significant challenges for novice learners, particularly in grasping abstract concepts and syntax simultaneously. This study explores the use of scaffolding through a WebQuest framework integrated with Large Language Models (LLMs) to support programming education. LLMs are used as a conversational resource, which allows live interaction with learners, contrary to the traditional static Web resources. A case study was conducted in an undergraduate computer programming course, where students engaged in a structured WebQuest activity supported by ChatGPT. The activity guided learners through inquiry-based tasks, coding exercises, and a mini-project challenge. Survey results indicated that the WebQuest format improved comprehension, confidence, and engagement, while ChatGPT provided personalized, real-time support that enhanced the learning experience. Students reported that the conversational nature of LLMs made programming concepts more accessible and learning more interactive. These findings suggest that combining scaffolded inquiry with AI-driven dialogue can significantly enhance programming education for beginners.