Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials are becoming pivotal components for solid-state micro- and nanoelectronics, due to their exceptional electronic, chemical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics. Both academia and industry widely acknowledge these materials as promising alternatives to overcome the limitations of silicon technology. 2D materials possess the capability to prolong Moore’s Law and facilitate device concepts that go beyond traditional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) architectures. Since the discovery of graphene in 2004, research has broadened to encompass hundreds of van der Waals layered crystals, many of which demonstrate atomic scale thickness, elevated carrier mobilities, adjustable bandgaps, strong light matter interactions, and unique quantum phenomena. In the last decade, these materials have transitioned from scientific curiosities to serious candidates for next generation semiconductor technologies. They provide solutions to critical CMOS scaling issues while also introducing novel computing paradigms through hetero integration, flexible substrates, and quantum-enabled functionalities. Notably, 2D semiconductors maintain outstanding performance even at the monolayer limit, featuring diverse band structures, and lattice mismatch free heterostructures that offer unparalleled opportunities for customized device design. In this chapter we emphasize emerging applications of 2D materials in logic, memory, and sensing, along with flexible electronics and radio frequency electronics to tackle limitations beyond bulk materials. We also, present a detailed roadmap for the field, consisting of three stages: (1) materials, (2) device innovation, and (3) application development.