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This chapter conceptualizes agricultural production systems as complex adaptive systems (CAS), emphasizing their multi-dimensional, dynamic, and hierarchical nature. Drawing on complexity science, it highlights how agricultural systems integrate economic, social, ecological, and cultural components through interlinked feedback mechanisms and agent interactions. Agricultural transformation emerges through adaptive responses to globalization, urbanization, and environmental shifts, with actors at multiple scales exhibiting learning-based and non-linear behaviors. This chapter proposes a multiscale framework that identifies the traditional, novel, and mutational drivers shaping the evolution of agricultural systems. It unpacks how spatial heterogeneity and actor diversity underpin systemic adaptability and resilience, generating differentiated responses and emergent patterns. By tracing the flows of capital, labor, and information, it elucidates the operational logics and restructuring processes that define agricultural production under changing socio-environmental conditions. The chapter calls for a systems-oriented governance approach that embraces complexity and fosters adaptive capacity across scales to support sustainable agricultural transitions.

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Conceptualizing the Interactions Between Agricultural Practices, Farmland Use, and the Environment

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Zhang Yingnan,
  • Long Hualou

摘要

This chapter conceptualizes agricultural production systems as complex adaptive systems (CAS), emphasizing their multi-dimensional, dynamic, and hierarchical nature. Drawing on complexity science, it highlights how agricultural systems integrate economic, social, ecological, and cultural components through interlinked feedback mechanisms and agent interactions. Agricultural transformation emerges through adaptive responses to globalization, urbanization, and environmental shifts, with actors at multiple scales exhibiting learning-based and non-linear behaviors. This chapter proposes a multiscale framework that identifies the traditional, novel, and mutational drivers shaping the evolution of agricultural systems. It unpacks how spatial heterogeneity and actor diversity underpin systemic adaptability and resilience, generating differentiated responses and emergent patterns. By tracing the flows of capital, labor, and information, it elucidates the operational logics and restructuring processes that define agricultural production under changing socio-environmental conditions. The chapter calls for a systems-oriented governance approach that embraces complexity and fosters adaptive capacity across scales to support sustainable agricultural transitions.