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Variable-rate fertilization, as a crucial link in the implementation of Precision Agriculture (PA), can remarkably complete reasonable and effective fertilizer application and nutrient management based on local conditions, so as to obtain the maximum grain output with the minimum fertilizer input and achieve the optimal input-output production ratio. As the main operation form of variable-rate fertilization, real-time variable-rate control technology adjusts the fertilizer application online to variable-rate input as needed according to the current growth status and nutrient information of crops, and its basic core lies in the accuracy and stability of the obtained crop phenotype biological information. Due to the affinity relationship between biological information of crop phenotypic and crop real-time fertilizer demand, it has been widely used in the scientific research on key technologies of real-time variable fertilization in recent years. Mainly from the three significant aspects of inversion model, detection technology and comprehensive application for crop phenotype status, this study analyzed the establishment process and species characteristics of the inversion models between crop phenotypic biological information and nutritional status, summarized the real-time monitoring principle and key technologies of crop phenotypic biological parameters, and emphatically expounded the application situation and existing problems of real-time variable-rate fertilization technology based on crop phenotypic biological parameters. And then the future emphasis research direction and development proposal of the variable-rate fertilization technology based on crop growth information were discussed combined with the needs of sustainable development of modern agriculture in China. It provides a theoretical reference for the construction of a scientific management technology system of fertilizer application reducing and effect increasing, and for the development of relevant technical equipments in line with China’s unique national conditions.

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Progress and Development on Biological Information of Crop Phenotype Research Applied to Real-Time Variable-Rate Fertilization

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Yinyan Shi,
  • Xiaochan Wang,
  • S. Hu,
  • J. Wang,
  • Z. Zhao,
  • J. Zheng

摘要

Variable-rate fertilization, as a crucial link in the implementation of Precision Agriculture (PA), can remarkably complete reasonable and effective fertilizer application and nutrient management based on local conditions, so as to obtain the maximum grain output with the minimum fertilizer input and achieve the optimal input-output production ratio. As the main operation form of variable-rate fertilization, real-time variable-rate control technology adjusts the fertilizer application online to variable-rate input as needed according to the current growth status and nutrient information of crops, and its basic core lies in the accuracy and stability of the obtained crop phenotype biological information. Due to the affinity relationship between biological information of crop phenotypic and crop real-time fertilizer demand, it has been widely used in the scientific research on key technologies of real-time variable fertilization in recent years. Mainly from the three significant aspects of inversion model, detection technology and comprehensive application for crop phenotype status, this study analyzed the establishment process and species characteristics of the inversion models between crop phenotypic biological information and nutritional status, summarized the real-time monitoring principle and key technologies of crop phenotypic biological parameters, and emphatically expounded the application situation and existing problems of real-time variable-rate fertilization technology based on crop phenotypic biological parameters. And then the future emphasis research direction and development proposal of the variable-rate fertilization technology based on crop growth information were discussed combined with the needs of sustainable development of modern agriculture in China. It provides a theoretical reference for the construction of a scientific management technology system of fertilizer application reducing and effect increasing, and for the development of relevant technical equipments in line with China’s unique national conditions.