The paper introduces the applications of big data and smart supply chain system in government procurement, as well as the challenges and problems faced. It expounds how big data and smart supply chain system provide support for government procurement. Then, it analyzes the challenges such as data security and privacy protection, technical and talent bottlenecks, and imperfect regulatory and policy environment. Finally, the paper prospects on the deep integration of big data and smart supply chain, as well as the innovative development direction of government procurement model and the far-reaching significance of industry transformation and social impact.