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The proportion of renewable energy in power systems continues to rise, posing significant challenges to grid voltage and frequency stability. Grid-forming technology has emerged as an effective means to address the safe operation of power systems with high shares of renewable energy. However, existing grid-forming technologies primarily focus on steady-state and transient operational characteristics of renewable energy, with limited research on black start technologies for grid recovery after faults or power outages. With the rapid development of distributed microgrids, enhancing the black start capability of renewable energy-dominated power systems under grid-forming control has become crucial. A comprehensive analysis is presented regarding current technical and economic challenges in grid-forming control and black start implementation, followed by proposed future research directions and technological requirements.

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A Review of Black Start Based on Grid-Forming Renewable

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Z. Jiang

摘要

The proportion of renewable energy in power systems continues to rise, posing significant challenges to grid voltage and frequency stability. Grid-forming technology has emerged as an effective means to address the safe operation of power systems with high shares of renewable energy. However, existing grid-forming technologies primarily focus on steady-state and transient operational characteristics of renewable energy, with limited research on black start technologies for grid recovery after faults or power outages. With the rapid development of distributed microgrids, enhancing the black start capability of renewable energy-dominated power systems under grid-forming control has become crucial. A comprehensive analysis is presented regarding current technical and economic challenges in grid-forming control and black start implementation, followed by proposed future research directions and technological requirements.