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The ZnO varistor consists of numerous ZnO grains and grain boundaries, which exhibit excellent nonlinear characteristics and current-carrying capacity. The geometric shape, topological structure, and electrical properties of the grain boundaries significantly influence the macroscopic electrical performance of the varistor. Utilizing a ZnO varistor microstructure model constructed with Voronoi networks, this study investigates the effects of microparameters (grain size disorder, grain boundary electrical property heterogeneity, porosity, and spinel content) and microstructural boundary characteristics (donor density, surface state density, and boundary partition parameters) on macroscopic electrical properties. The results demonstrate that reducing grain size disorder, minimizing grain boundary electrical property heterogeneity, decreasing porosity, maintaining optimal spinel content, and selecting appropriate donor concentration and surface state density enhance microstructure uniformity and grain boundary electrical properties, thereby improving ZnO varistor performance.

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Study on the Influence of Microstructural Parameters on the Electrical Performance of ZnO Varistors Based on Voronoi Network and Finite Element Simulation Models

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Zhang Ping,
  • Lu Mingtai

摘要

The ZnO varistor consists of numerous ZnO grains and grain boundaries, which exhibit excellent nonlinear characteristics and current-carrying capacity. The geometric shape, topological structure, and electrical properties of the grain boundaries significantly influence the macroscopic electrical performance of the varistor. Utilizing a ZnO varistor microstructure model constructed with Voronoi networks, this study investigates the effects of microparameters (grain size disorder, grain boundary electrical property heterogeneity, porosity, and spinel content) and microstructural boundary characteristics (donor density, surface state density, and boundary partition parameters) on macroscopic electrical properties. The results demonstrate that reducing grain size disorder, minimizing grain boundary electrical property heterogeneity, decreasing porosity, maintaining optimal spinel content, and selecting appropriate donor concentration and surface state density enhance microstructure uniformity and grain boundary electrical properties, thereby improving ZnO varistor performance.